On February 11-16, 1862 combined Union army and naval forces of Brig. Gen. U.S. Grant and Flag Officer Andrew Foote, respectively, defeated the Confederate garrison at Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River commanded by Brig. Generals John Floyd and Simon Bolivar Buckner. The defeat opened up an advance for Federal forces into Middle Tennessee and elevated Grant’s military notoriety.
Columbia
Advancing into Tennessee from Florence, Alabama the Confederate Army of Tennessee (Lieut. Gen. John Bell Hood) created a diversion at Columbia, Tennessee